diff --git a/.Jules/palette.md b/.Jules/palette.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b51482
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.Jules/palette.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+## 2024-05-24 - Accessible Input Validation
+**Learning:** React 19 renders `aria-invalid={false}` as `aria-invalid="false"`, unlike older versions which might have omitted it. Explicitly handling this in tests is crucial. Also, ensuring DOM cleanup (`cleanup()`) in `afterEach` is vital when testing similar components with same labels across tests to avoid "finding the wrong element" false positives/negatives.
+**Action:** Always include `afterEach(() => cleanup())` in `vitest` setup for DOM tests, and expect `aria-invalid="false"` (or explicitly handle `undefined` if omission is desired) when testing valid states in React 19.
diff --git a/src/components/ui/Input.tsx b/src/components/ui/Input.tsx
index e44f1df..b3d0c24 100644
--- a/src/components/ui/Input.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ui/Input.tsx
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ interface InputProps extends InputHTMLAttributes<HTMLInputElement> {
 export const Input = forwardRef<HTMLInputElement, InputProps>(
   ({ label, error, id, className, ...props }, ref) => {
     const inputId = id || label.toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '-');
+    const errorId = `${inputId}-error`;
     
     return (
       <div className={`${styles.field} ${error ? styles.hasError : ''} ${className || ''}`}>
@@ -19,9 +20,11 @@ export const Input = forwardRef<HTMLInputElement, InputProps>(
           ref={ref}
           id={inputId}
           className={styles.input}
+          aria-invalid={!!error}
+          aria-describedby={error ? errorId : undefined}
           {...props}
         />
-        {error && <span className={styles.error}>{error}</span>}
+        {error && <span id={errorId} className={styles.error}>{error}</span>}
       </div>
     );
   }
@@ -37,6 +40,7 @@ interface TextareaProps extends TextareaHTMLAttributes<HTMLTextAreaElement> {
 export const Textarea = forwardRef<HTMLTextAreaElement, TextareaProps>(
   ({ label, error, id, className, ...props }, ref) => {
     const inputId = id || label.toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '-');
+    const errorId = `${inputId}-error`;
     
     return (
       <div className={`${styles.field} ${error ? styles.hasError : ''} ${className || ''}`}>
@@ -47,9 +51,11 @@ export const Textarea = forwardRef<HTMLTextAreaElement, TextareaProps>(
           ref={ref}
           id={inputId}
           className={`${styles.input} ${styles.textarea}`}
+          aria-invalid={!!error}
+          aria-describedby={error ? errorId : undefined}
           {...props}
         />
-        {error && <span className={styles.error}>{error}</span>}
+        {error && <span id={errorId} className={styles.error}>{error}</span>}
       </div>
     );
   }
diff --git a/src/components/ui/__tests__/Input.test.tsx b/src/components/ui/__tests__/Input.test.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd09cdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/components/ui/__tests__/Input.test.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// @vitest-environment jsdom
+import { render, screen, cleanup } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { describe, it, expect, afterEach } from 'vitest';
+import { Input, Textarea } from '../Input';
+
+describe('Input', () => {
+  afterEach(() => {
+    cleanup();
+  });
+
+  it('renders with correct accessibility attributes when error is present', () => {
+    render(<Input label="Test Input" error="Invalid input" />);
+
+    const input = screen.getByLabelText('Test Input');
+    const error = screen.getByText('Invalid input');
+
+    expect(input.getAttribute('aria-invalid')).toBe('true');
+    expect(input.hasAttribute('aria-describedby')).toBe(true);
+
+    const describedBy = input.getAttribute('aria-describedby');
+    expect(describedBy).toBe(error.id);
+    expect(error.id).toBeDefined();
+    expect(error.id).not.toBe('');
+  });
+
+  it('renders without accessibility error attributes when valid', () => {
+    render(<Input label="Test Input" />);
+
+    const input = screen.getByLabelText('Test Input');
+
+    // In React 19, aria-invalid={false} renders aria-invalid="false"
+    expect(input.getAttribute('aria-invalid')).toBe('false');
+    expect(input.hasAttribute('aria-describedby')).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('Textarea', () => {
+  it('renders with correct accessibility attributes when error is present', () => {
+    render(<Textarea label="Test Textarea" error="Invalid textarea" />);
+
+    const textarea = screen.getByLabelText('Test Textarea');
+    const error = screen.getByText('Invalid textarea');
+
+    expect(textarea.getAttribute('aria-invalid')).toBe('true');
+    expect(textarea.hasAttribute('aria-describedby')).toBe(true);
+
+    const describedBy = textarea.getAttribute('aria-describedby');
+    expect(describedBy).toBe(error.id);
+    expect(error.id).toBeDefined();
+    expect(error.id).not.toBe('');
+  });
+});